Name: Muhammad.

Title: al-Mustafa.

Agrnomen: Abu’l-Quasi

Father’s name: Abdullah bin Abdi’l-Mutlib.

Mother’s name: Aminah bint Wahab

Birth: born in Mecca on Friday , 17^th Rabi ‘u’l-awwal in the year of the Elephant.

Death : Died at the age of 63 in Medina on Monday, 28^th Safar,11 AH, buried in his apartment adjoining the mosque in Medina.

 The Holy Prophet said:

The first thing God created was my nur (light).

he oldest and noblest tribe in the whole of Arabia was Banu Hashim. They were the descendents of Abraham through his son Ismail. Arabs respected and loved them for their goodness, knowledge and bravery. Abdu’l-Mutlib was the chieftain of this tribe and he was also the guardian of the Holy Kabah. Among his ten sons, Abdullah was the father of the Holy Prophet and Abu Talib was the father of Ali.

His father Abdullah died before his birth and when he was six his mother Aminah bint Wahb also died at Abwa , palace between Mecca and Medina. His grandfather Abdul-Mutlib took the responsibility of brining up the orphan. At the age of ten, he was barefooted of his venerable grandfather. After this, Abu Talib was the guardian of Muhammad (P.B.U.H) who gave him full protection and safety against the enemies. When he was 25 years old married with wealthy, noble widow lady Khadijah who scarified large of money in way of Allah. With the death of his wife and uncle Holy Prophet(PBHU) named the year as “ year of sadness”.

Holy Prophet (PBUH) escaped to Medina and the Muslim era(Emigration) is named after this incident and dated from 17^th Rabi’l-awwal 622 AD. From the time he came to Medina, he was the grandest figure upon whom the light of history has ever shone. We shell now see him as, the king of men, the ruler of human hearts, chief lawgiver and the supreme judge. He laid the foundation of Muslim common wealth and drew up a character, which has been acknowledged as the work of highest statesmanship, a mastermind not only of his age, but also of all ages. Unlike the Arabs, the Holy Prophet (PBUH), had never wielded a weapon, but he was forced to defend Islam by force of arms. Commencing from the battle of Badr, a series of eighty battles had to be fought, which the infant community defended successfully.

Lover of nature and quite, worried about human suffering, Muhammad (PBUH)very often retired to Mountain Hira for meditation. One night, laylatu’lqadr( the Night of Majesty) a voice addressing him, commanded “ Recite in the Name of thy Lord.” The first to embrace Islam among women was Khadijah and amend men Ali.

For 3 long years. He labored quietly to wean his people from the worship of idols and drew only 30 followers. He invited forty of his kinsmen to a feast at the gathering Holy Prophet (PBUH) asked if they had ever found you lying? The general response was “ we have never found you laying”. Then he announced the message of God but all refused in .

The keepers of Kabah and owner of the idols, took serious action to stop his activities but Abu Talib, His uncle defended him. Boys and louts of Mecca started pelting stones and abuses on Muhammad ( PBUH). Almost 10 years of hard work and preaching, in spite of all persecution, produced over 100 followers. Physical cruelties and social boycott made life unbearable in Mecca. Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) asked his follower to refuge in the neighboring country of Ethiopia. 88 men and 18 women sailed to the hospitable shores of the Negus, under the leader-ship of Jaffar at-Tayyar (brother of Ali) and the cousin of Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H).

Muhammad (PBUH) was the founder of Islam the great religion meaning submitting (one or one person to Allah). The faith , is simple without complication, practical and useful for every day of life. It commands to belief and do good. Keep up prayers and pay the poor-rate.

In the 10^th of AH Christian deputation from Najran came to the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) at Medina for religious discussion. According the Divine instruction of Holy Quran Muhammad brought Hasan(a.s) and Hussain(a.s) as his sons, Hazrat Fatima (a.s) as his woman, and Ali (a.s) as his nafs. Christians watching this procession from far, came to conclusion that Muhammad was the true Prophet of God, for he had brought with him his dearest and nearest ones. They agreed to pay jizyah(poll tax or titles, payable by non-Muslims in the realm of Islam).

Muhammad (P.B.U.H) entered into a treaty known as the Peace of Hudaybiyyah appearing not very advantages to the Muslims, but revealed the Islamic character of moderation and magnanimity. In 8^th AH, the idolaters violated the peace Hudaybiyyah by attacking the Muslims. The enemies were defeated and Mecca was conquered. Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) entered the city with his head bowed low in thankfulness to the Almighty (Allah) and ordered the general amnesty, instead of the massacre of those who persecuted him and his followers.

In the middle of 9^th AH the Prophet had to lead an expedition to the Tabuk near the border of Syria. The Muslim army on reaching Tabuk found,the Romans had diverted to other fields of action. The Prophet returned to Medina without having to fight.

Though a Prophet and a king, Muhammad was of the man of the common man. He sat and ate with them. Shared their joys and sorrows, helps the weak, widows and orphans and sympathized with the distressed. Though the Prophet was occupied in looking after the affairs of people, but he used to pay special attention to his family too. Some believers, requested him to allow them to buy lands and build houses for him. The reply was revealed by God: “ Say: “ I do not ask of you any rewad,but love for my relatives…..;surely Allah is forgiving, Grateful.(42:23)

Thereafter , the believers asked for whose love was made incumbent on them? Muhammad (P.B.U.H) answered “Love for Ali, Fatima, Hasan and Hussain”.

Some of the AHADITH of the Holy Prophet:

1. Charity averts impending calamities.
2. The tax of charity should be collected from the rich and given away to the poor.
3. To meet friends cheerfully and invite them to a feast are charitable acts.
4. Those who can earn an honest living are the beloved of Allah.
5. The ink of the scholar is more holy then the blood of the martyr.
6. He dies not who takes to learning.
7. Do not look for fault of the other and do not envy orhters.
8. Deal gently with people , and be not harsh; cheer them and condemn not.
9. The best of friend is he who is best in behavior and character.
10. A Muslim is he from whose tongue and hands Muslims are safe.
11. A person is not a perfect Muslim who eats his full and leaves his neighbors hungry.
12. The best Muslim house , is that in which an orphan is well cared for.
13. I and the guardian of orphans , will in one place in the next world like my two fingers, touching each other.
14. A person will not enter into Paradise, who has one atom of pride in his heart.
15. Paradise lies at the feet of thy mother.
16. He who wished to enter the Paradise must please his father and mother.
17. The greatest jihad is that for the conquest of self.

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